**将python字典写入json文件：





这句就好用了。dumps可以把字典转成字符串，然后文件方法write写入这个字符串。**
```python
with open('jsonFile.json', 'w', encoding="utf-8") as f:
    f.write(json.dumps(zidian, ensure_ascii=False, indent=1))
```

**读取json文件 到python变量（可能是字典或者列表）：**

```python
with open('jsonFile.json', 'r', encoding="utf-8") as f:
    zidian=json.load(f)
```


 load、dump是针对文件的。

 

 loads、dumps是针对字符串的。

json python 读写json 读取和写入json文件 load dump

linux上别人装的环境不知道位置怎么办？





第一步 命令行激活环境

conda activate 环境

第二步 命令行输入python进入写python界面

第三步 随便import一个模块

```python
import os
```

第四步 输出模块的目录

```python
print(os.__file__)
```

第五步 对照着找即可

anaconda 安装位置 linux

Python





```python
l1 = ['b','c','d','b','c','a','a']
l2 = []
[l2.append(i) for i in l1 if not i in l2]
print l2
```

python 列表去重 保持顺序

用这个：





g.to_csv("nihao.csv",encoding="utf_8_sig")

pandas to_csv 中文乱码 解决

http://esri.github.io/geometry-api-java/doc/RelationalOperators.html





![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00756.png)

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00757.png)

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00758.png)

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00759.png)

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00760.png)

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00761.png)


![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00762.png)

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00763.png)

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00764.png)

python shaply 几何图形关系 Contains Crosses Disjoint Equals Intersects Overlaps Touches Within

极坐标多边形 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30638831/article/details/79938841





极坐标转直角坐标 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32425195/article/details/105233463

1。直角坐标转极坐标

import cmath

cn = complex(3,4)

cmath.polar(cn)  #返回长度和弧度


2.极坐标转直角坐标

cn1 = cmath.rect(2, cmath.pi)

cn1.real，cn1.imag





```python
import geopandas
from geopandas import GeoSeries
from shapely.geometry import Polygon
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def draw_a_poly(quyu):
    """
    用geopandas画一个多边形
    :param quyu: 二维list
    :return: 无
    """
    p = Polygon(quyu)
    g = GeoSeries(p)
    g.plot()
    plt.show()
import cmath
def get_poly(rad, num_p):
    """
    返回规则num_p边行的各个点
    :param rad: 几何中心到顶点的距离
    :param num_p: 有多少边
    :return: 二维list  N*2
    """
    r = [rad for i in range(num_p)]
    theta = [cmath.pi / num_p * 2 * i for i in range(num_p)]
    ploy = [[cmath.rect(*i).real, cmath.rect(*i).imag] for i in zip(r, theta)]
    return ploy
draw_a_poly(get_poly(2, 16))
```

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00765.png)

python 极坐标 多边形点 画多边形 规则多边形 取圆上的若干点

python的logging 不是进程安全的。





第三方模块loguru可以支持进程安全。

注意：不要实例化logger，只需要from loguru import logger即可！

安装：

```python
pip install loguru
```

使用：
```python
from loguru import logger
import datetime
if __name__ == '__main__':
    log_file_name = './log_record/log.log'  # linux路径 我给的相对路径
    logger.add(log_file_name,  # 可以带有路径 没路径的logger会自己创建
               rotation='100 KB',  # 按文件大小切割日志
               enqueue=True,  # 这使得进程安全
               colorize=True,  # 彩色显示 只要系统支持
               level='WARNING')  # 这个级别以上的才会被写入文件，包含这个级别的
    ziduan = {i: 123432 for i in range(10)}
    for i in range(1000):
        logger.debug(ziduan)
        logger.info(ziduan)
        logger.warning(ziduan)
        logger.error(ziduan)
        logger.critical(ziduan)
        logger.critical(datetime.datetime)
```

教程：

[https://huangkai1008.github.io/post/python/loguru/](https://huangkai1008.github.io/post/python/loguru/)

[https://loguru.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api/logger.html](https://loguru.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api/logger.html)

github：

[https://github.com/Delgan/loguru#asynchronous-thread-safe-multiprocess-safe](https://github.com/Delgan/loguru#asynchronous-thread-safe-multiprocess-safe)

效果：

![在这里插入图片描述](/static/img/images/00768.png)

为了让loguru不输出数据到控制台，可以remove掉之前add的东西。

```python
from loguru import logger
import datetime
if __name__ == '__main__':
    log_file_name = './log_record/log__{time}.log'  # linux路径 我给的相对路径
    logger.remove(handler_id=None)  # 清除logger之前的句柄
    logger.add(sink=log_file_name,  # 可以带有路径 没路径的logger会自己创建
               rotation='10 KB',  # 按文件大小切割日志
               retention='30 days',  # 只保留30天的日志
               encoding='utf-8',  # 编码
               enqueue=True,  # 这使得进程安全
               colorize=False,  # 彩色显示 只要系统支持
               format='<green>{time:YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss.SSS}</green> | <level>{level: <8}</level> | <cyan>{name}</cyan>:<cyan>{function}</cyan>:<cyan>{line}</cyan> - <level>{message}</level>',
               level='DEBUG')  # 这个级别以上的才会被写入文件，包含这个级别的
    ziduan = {i: 123432 for i in range(10)}
    for i in range(1000):
        logger.debug(ziduan)
        logger.info(ziduan)
        logger.warning(ziduan)
        logger.error(ziduan)
        logger.critical(ziduan)
        logger.critical(datetime.datetime)
```

python logging loguru 日志切割 进程安全 日志切分 一天一输出

Python





```python
file_path="./log_record/"
if not os.path.exists(file_path):
    os.makedirs(file_path)
file_name=file_path+'log.log'
if not os.path.exists(file_name):
    os.system(r"touch {}".format(file_name))  # 调用系统命令行来创建文件
```

python 检测文件目录是否存在 不存在就创建 检测文件是否存在 不存在就创建 linux

Python





```python
import datetime
print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))
```

<table>

 <thead>

  <tr>

   <td><strong>Directive</strong></td>

   <td><strong>Meaning</strong></td>

   <td><strong>Example</strong></td>

  </tr>

 </thead>

 <tbody>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%a</code></td>

   <td>Abbreviated weekday name.</td>

   <td>Sun, Mon, ...</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%A</code></td>

   <td>Full weekday name.</td>

   <td>Sunday, Monday, ...</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%w</code></td>

   <td>Weekday as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>0, 1, ..., 6</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%d</code></td>

   <td>Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal.</td>

   <td>01, 02, ..., 31</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%-d</code></td>

   <td>Day of the month as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>1, 2, ..., 30</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%b</code></td>

   <td>Abbreviated month name.</td>

   <td>Jan, Feb, ..., Dec</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%B</code></td>

   <td>Full month name.</td>

   <td>January, February, ...</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%m</code></td>

   <td>Month as a zero-padded decimal number.</td>

   <td>01, 02, ..., 12</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%-m</code></td>

   <td>Month as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>1, 2, ..., 12</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%y</code></td>

   <td>Year without century as a zero-padded decimal number.</td>

   <td>00, 01, ..., 99</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%-y</code></td>

   <td>Year without century as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>0, 1, ..., 99</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%Y</code></td>

   <td>Year with century as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>2013, 2019 etc.</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%H</code></td>

   <td>Hour (24-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number.</td>

   <td>00, 01, ..., 23</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%-H</code></td>

   <td>Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>0, 1, ..., 23</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%I</code></td>

   <td>Hour (12-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number.</td>

   <td>01, 02, ..., 12</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%-I</code></td>

   <td>Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>1, 2, ... 12</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%p</code></td>

   <td>Locale&rsquo;s AM or PM.</td>

   <td>AM, PM</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%M</code></td>

   <td>Minute as a zero-padded decimal number.</td>

   <td>00, 01, ..., 59</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%-M</code></td>

   <td>Minute as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>0, 1, ..., 59</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%S</code></td>

   <td>Second as a zero-padded decimal number.</td>

   <td>00, 01, ..., 59</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%-S</code></td>

   <td>Second as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>0, 1, ..., 59</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%f</code></td>

   <td>Microsecond as a decimal number, zero-padded on the left.</td>

   <td>000000 - 999999</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%z</code></td>

   <td>UTC offset in the form +HHMM or -HHMM.</td>

   <td>&nbsp;</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%Z</code></td>

   <td>Time zone name.</td>

   <td>&nbsp;</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%j</code></td>

   <td>Day of the year as a zero-padded decimal number.</td>

   <td>001, 002, ..., 366</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%-j</code></td>

   <td>Day of the year as a decimal number.</td>

   <td>1, 2, ..., 366</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%U</code></td>

   <td>Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week). All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0.</td>

   <td>00, 01, ..., 53</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%W</code></td>

   <td>Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week). All days in a new year preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0.</td>

   <td>00, 01, ..., 53</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%c</code></td>

   <td>Locale&rsquo;s appropriate date and time representation.</td>

   <td>Mon Sep 30 07:06:05 2013</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%x</code></td>

   <td>Locale&rsquo;s appropriate date representation.</td>

   <td>09/30/13</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%X</code></td>

   <td>Locale&rsquo;s appropriate time representation.</td>

   <td>07:06:05</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

   <td><code>%%</code></td>

   <td>A literal &#39;%&#39; character.</td>

   <td>%</td>

  </tr>

 </tbody>

</table>

python datetime to string using strftime()

Python





```python
if __name__ == '__main__':
    result_generator = (dict(zip([5,6], x)) for x in [(1,2),(1,2),(1,2)])  # 小括号 生成器
    print(next(result_generator))
    print(next(result_generator))
    # print(next(result_generator))
    for i in range(4):
        try:
            try:
                print(next(result_generator))
            except:
                print("空的")
            else:
                continue
            print(i)
        except:
            print("dsad")
```