Docker 目前还不支持 Debian 12 ，支持Debian 11.

bash
#!/bin/bash

# 检查是否已经安装了 Docker
if ! command -v docker &> /dev/null; then
    echo "Docker 未安装，开始安装 Docker..."

    # 更新系统软件包
    sudo apt-get update -y

    # 安装必要的依赖包
    sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common

    # 添加 Docker 的官方 GPG 密钥
    curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg

    # 添加 Docker 的官方仓库（针对 Debian 11 Bullseye）
    echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bullseye stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

    # 更新软件包索引
    sudo apt-get update -y

    # 安装 Docker 引擎
    sudo apt-get install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

    # 启动并启用 Docker 服务
    sudo systemctl start docker
    sudo systemctl enable docker

    echo "Docker 安装完成"
else
    echo "Docker 已安装，跳过安装步骤。"
fi

# 检查是否已经安装了 Docker Compose
if ! command -v docker-compose &> /dev/null; then
    echo "Docker Compose 未安装，开始安装 Docker Compose..."

    # 下载 Docker Compose 二进制文件
    sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/docker/compose/releases/latest | grep -Po '"tag_name": "\K.*?(?=")')/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

    # 为 Docker Compose 二进制文件添加执行权限
    sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

    # 创建符号链接（可选）
    sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose

    echo "Docker Compose 安装完成"
else
    echo "Docker Compose 已安装，跳过安装步骤。"
fi

echo "Docker 和 Docker Compose 安装完成"